Barefoot running is just what it sounds to be – running without wearing any shoes or socks on the feet.
Though many people find that there are a tremendous number of benefits to running in this fashion, there are also a few drawbacks that have led to the development of minimalist running to compensate for them. Minimalist running involves the same concept of running with the natural movement of the foot and while using only the foot’s natural cushioning, except that it provides a small extra layer of protection in the form of thin-soled, flexible shoes such as moccasins or five fingered shoes.
The principle behind barefoot and minimalist running is that it avoids the changes that padded and supportive shoes make to the way that the foot moves and lands, and to the stride as a whole. A barefoot runner will have a tendency to land more naturally upon the lateral part of the foot, which then rolls in and allows the foot to lower to the ground before the forefoot is used for pushing off and the leg provides lift.
When conventional running shoes are worn, the stride and landing change, causing the first strike to occur on the heel of the foot before rolling onto the forefoot.
Barefoot runners say that their sport is healthier overall for the foot, and that they are at a lower risk of chronic and acute injury in the foot and lower leg, such as those related to repetitive stress from the impact on the heel. They say that it allows them to use the foot and the body in a way that is closer to how it was naturally designed to move. Studies are only just starting to support these claims, and are showing that other parts of the body can benefit, as well. Some are indicating that there is a lower amount of stress to the knee joint when compared to running in conventional shoes.
The primary complaint that those considering barefoot running have is that they do not want to expose their feet to potential surface injuries (such as from running on glass or other sharp substances) or the elements (such as rain or snow). These individuals typically prefer the sport with protection designed specifically for barefoot running, such as five finger running shoes.
Other sports five fingered shoes are showing up in is rock climbing or bouldering.
The “barefoot” running movement is gaining in popularity, as are the non-traditional shoes that are worn to protect the feet of these runners without restricting the movement of the foot.
These shoes are very different from the conventional running shoe. They are comparable to gloves for the feet, as they fit the precise shape of the foot and protect it from the elements, without stopping it from moving in the same way that it would if it were entirely bare.
They are lightweight, and manufactured out of a type of molded rubber on their base, with a mesh, nylon, and leather upper. Each toe has its own stretchy mesh sleeve and can move independently from those next. The soles are thin and flexible, and are about as thick as a couple of stacked coins.
Among the most popular brands producing these shoes are the Vibram Five Fingers, which replicate the sensation of running barefoot but protect the foot from rough, sharp, and slippery surfaces.
Barefoot running shoes do not include shock absorbers and padded foam inserts like conventional footwear for running, nor do they restrict the foot’s movement with stiff supporting structures. Instead, they allow the actual form of the runner to dictate the way that the stride will occur, relying on the shape, design, and movement of the foot to soften each step’s impact.
Runners who wear these shoes use a less injurious and more natural running stride and frequently avoid the injuries that are rampant among runners, such as hip pains, shin splints, and soreness to the feet, ankles, and knees.
Barefoot running – frequently known as minimalist running when done wearing flexible thin-soled shoes such as moccasins or five fingered shoes – is the oldest form of running human history. In many parts of the world, such as in Kenya, this natural practice continues, today.
It is estimated that the first time shoes were ever worn was about 10,000 years ago. Before that, all running was done barefoot. The use of shoes spread throughout the world and every culture had their own techniques for making and wearing them, based on materials, climate, fashion, and other factors.
However, in 1960, barefoot running came back into practice when the Olympic marathon in Rome was won by Ethiopia’s Abebe Bikila, who ran barefoot when the shoes he’d been issued by his team caused his feet to hurt. Much of Bikila’s Olympic training had been done barefoot.
Over the following years, other runners – such as Bruce Tulloh, form the United Kingdom – also ran barefoot. He won the European Games gold medal for the 5,000 meter race in 1962. Zola Budd, from South Africa, became well known for barefoot running, racing, and training in the 1980’s, and won the IAAF World Cross Country Championships in 1985 and 1986. She also took part in the 1984 Olympics in L.A.
Though the following for barefoot running remains small in the beginning of the 21st century, it is still a solid one.
Now that five finger shoes from Vibram have become available to provide runners with the barefoot experience but without having to risk harm to the foot from running on wet, sharp, or otherwise harmful surfaces, the trend is starting to catch on with greater speed. This is because the foot is allowed to maintain its healthy natural flexibility, but the skin is protected.
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